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Allergic diseases: hayfever ALLERGIC DISEASES: HAYFEVER
Hayfever is a seasonal inflammation of the nose and eyes caused by allergy to pollen or molds. In the United States, about ten percent of hayfever patients suffer from allergy to tree pollen; thirty percent suffer from allergy to grass pollen; and sixty percent suffer from allergy to weed pollen. The most characteristic feature of hayfever is its periodicity: it recurs each year in the season of pollination of the plant or the sporulation of the mold that causes the allergy. The seasons of plant pollination are different in different areas of the country.
Hayfever is a disease that affects a total of five to ten percent of the population of the United States. It begins in early childhood (usually after the age of three), and whether a child gets it or not is determined by heredity and by the amount of pollen or molds he inhales. However, fatigue, exertion, infection, and emotional stress contribute to its early development. Boys and girls develop it equally, but the black and yellow races seem to develop it less than the white race, and the full-blooded American Indian does not seem to develop it at all. The disease is found all over the world, but it is most frequent in the temperate zone.
Hayfever symptoms appear in the early hours of the morning as sneezing, nasal obstruction, a profuse watery discharge from the nose, a sensation of heat and fullness in the eyes, a discharge of a copious fluid from the eyes, a huskiness of the voice, fatigue, loss of appetite, restlessness, profuse perspiration, a quickening of the pulse, a dry and irritating cough, headaches, slight temperature elevation, and general discomfort and nervousness.
The following conditions are necessary for any kind of pollen or mold to be accepted as a cause of hayfever:
a. The pollen or mold should cause the disorder when brought in contact with the nose.
b. The disorder should show itself only when the specific pollen or mold is abundant in the air.
The treatment of hayfever is:
Preventive: By avoidance of the specific pollen through the use of a mechanical filtering device or an electrostatic precipitator in the bedroom; by sending the child to a pollen-free area; and by keeping the child indoors as much as possible during the pollen season.
Symptomatic: With antihistamines.
Specific: Through desensitization which is to be started three months before the season of the pollen and given throughout the entire year, if that is possible.
The prevention of hayf ever is made more complete by:
a. Removing all flowers, trees, grasses, or weeds from the backyard.
b. Having the child avoid flowers which are members of the; ragweed family, such as asters, bachelor's buttons, calendulas, chrysanthemums, cosmos, dahlias, daisies, dandelions, marigolds, sunflowers, zinnias, golden-rod, or any other type of flower in full bloom.
? Being aware that dust (originating in longtime closed trunks, attics, oil books, old pillows, old mattresses, woolens, and cottons), cosmetics (highly scented toilet articles, nail lacquer, lacquer removers, hair tonics), chemical fumes (floor wax, gasoline, insecticides, dry-cleaning fluids, fumigating gases, moth preventives, and tobacco smoke), strong light rays (near the sea or in motion picture houses), and chlorine (in swimming pools) may cause symptoms similar to those of hayfever.
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