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Children’s allergic diseases: nose drip; eye and the ear in nose allergy CHILDREN’S ALLERGIC DISEASES: NOSE DRIP; EYE AND THE EAR IN NOSE ALLERGY
The Nose Drip of the Allergic Child
Mucus originating in the nose or sinuses is eliminated by filaments (cilia) which are attached to their mucosa. These filaments push the mucus toward the esophagus with a beating movement. However, when the mucus becomes thick and abundant, it is too heavy for the filaments to push back. It remains in place and forms beads that drop on the lungs causing an irritative cough.
The conditions that cause the mucus to be thick and abundant are allergies, low-grade infections, irritants such as tobacco smoke, excessive dryness in the air of the house, overuse of nose drops, emotional disturbances (which affect the sympathetic nervous system and cause an increase in nasal secretions), mechanical obstructions to the drainage of the sinuses (because of a deviated septum or enlarged adenoids), and endocrine deficiencies (such as hypothyroidism, which causes dry, thick mucus formation).
A nose drip is to be "managed" by treating the underlying allergies and by softening the mucus through the use of drops of a saturated solution of potassium iodide (so-called KI) given by mouth. The child should also sleep on high pillows to drain the mucus of the sinus mechanically. A cold air vaporizer should be installed in the bedroom during winter.
The Eye and the Ear in Nose Allergy
The eye becomes involved in allergy of the respiratory tract because the tear ducts drain into the nose. It follows that an inflammation of the nose spreads easily to the eye.
Vernal conjunctivitis is one form of eye allergy frequently seen in summer among male children in warm climates. Its symptoms are a fear of light, tearing, and a burning sensation in the eye. Its diagnosis is possible because of its seasonal occurrence and because of the cobblestone aspect of the conjunctiva. Treatment consists of corticosteroid drops in the eye (one drop of one percent hydrocortisone solution three to four times daily for one or two weeks). If this is not sufficient, corticosteroids have to be given by mouth.
A tube that connects the middle ear to the pharynx may become clogged by an allergic inflammation. This could cause a hearing loss by preventing the drainage of mucus from the middle ear to the pharynx. The treatment consists of ventilation of the middle ear with decongestants and antihistamines; eradication of the infection with antibiotics; suction of the fluid from the middle ear; removal of enlarged tonsils or adenoids; control of the allergies through diet, environmental control, desensitization, and corticosteroids; and respiratory vaccines to prevent recurrent infections.
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ALLERGIES
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